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THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考)

THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考)

作者：余太山 著
出版社：商務(wù)印書館出版時(shí)間：2021-07-01
開本： 其他 頁數(shù)： 284
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THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考) 版權(quán)信息

  • ISBN：9787100186858
  • 條形碼：9787100186858 ; 978-7-100-18685-8
  • 裝幀：70g膠版紙
  • 冊數(shù)：暫無
  • 重量：暫無
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THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考) 本書特色

適讀人群 ：國內(nèi)外的吐火羅問題研本叢書的研究范疇是公元前六世紀(jì)至公元六世紀(jì)的中亞史。 這一時(shí)段的中亞史有各種原始資料，其中漢語資料無疑是*關(guān)鍵的。可以說，沒有漢語資料，這一時(shí)段的中亞史無法構(gòu)建。西方（包括印度、俄羅斯）學(xué)者研究這一時(shí)段的中亞史已有一個(gè)半世紀(jì)，成績可圈可點(diǎn)。其主要缺點(diǎn)是沒有充分利用漢語史料。彌補(bǔ)這一缺憾的是日本學(xué)者，從白鳥庫吉算起，至少已有四代學(xué)者投身這一時(shí)段的中亞史研究，其主要特色正是利用漢語史料。可惜的是，日本學(xué)者很少英譯自己的論著，西方學(xué)者又多不習(xí)日語，因而日本學(xué)者的有關(guān)成果罕見引用。余氏的研究不僅填補(bǔ)了中國中亞史研究的空白，而且比日本學(xué)者更充分地利用了漢文史料，且不說余氏以漢語為母語，對(duì)漢語史料的理解應(yīng)勝過日本學(xué)者。 該文集的出版則有助于西方學(xué)者理解和運(yùn)用漢語史料，使國內(nèi)中亞史的研究深入世界，繼而使得世界史意義上的古代中亞史研究更上層樓。 十本英文著作大部分已在國外發(fā)表。著者的譯文均經(jīng)Prof. Victor H. Mair（梅維恒）和Dr. Bruce Doar（陶步思）修改、編輯。兩位都是優(yōu)秀的學(xué)者——母語是英語、精通漢語、有豐富的編輯經(jīng)驗(yàn)、熟悉古代中亞歷史，*主要的是極端負(fù)責(zé)的工作精神。十本英語論著發(fā)表時(shí)間跨度較大（1990—2017），又經(jīng)過不同的英語編輯，原譯文差異不小，這一次由著者本人歷時(shí)2年，做了統(tǒng)一譯文的工作。

THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考) 內(nèi)容簡介

THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS是同作者《古族新考》一書的英文版！豆抛逍驴肌吩2000年由中華書局出版，2012年由商務(wù)印書館再版。該部部分在國外的具體發(fā)表信息如下：“The Earliest Tocharians in China”, Sino-Platonic Papers Number 204, June, 2010, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2 + 78 pp。吐火羅語文書的發(fā)現(xiàn)和對(duì)吐火羅語以及有關(guān)歷史地理問題的研究，既是比較歷史語言學(xué)界的大事，也是中亞學(xué)界的大事。蓋自十九世紀(jì)末到二十世紀(jì)初，在我國西北地區(qū)出土的古文書殘卷中，有若干以當(dāng)時(shí)未知語言寫成，其一即吐火羅語。給語言學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家提出了一系列需要解釋的問題。特別是要先解釋清楚：不管操吐火羅語的族群起源于何處，既然它很早就來到中國，應(yīng)在中國史籍中留下足跡。換言之，他們究竟是以什么名稱出現(xiàn)在中國史籍中的？本書就是作者根據(jù)史料所勾勒吳氏、陶唐氏、有虞氏的遷徒過程，構(gòu)建關(guān)于“塞種”諸部淵源的假說，可以看成同作者《塞種史研究》一書的續(xù)編。

THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考) 目錄

GENERAL INTRODUCTION: THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA ...... 1

PART Ⅰ

CHAPTER 1 Tracing the Source of the Daxia ...... 47

CHAPTER 2 On the Migration of the Youyu Clan ...... 85

CHAPTER 3 On the Rong of the Surname Yun ...... 116

CHAPTER 4 A Theory about the Quanfang, Guifang, Gongfang, Xianyun and Xiongnu Coming From the Same Origin ...... 148

PART Ⅱ

CHAPTER 1 On the Qusou ...... 195

CHAPTER 2 On the Yiqu ...... 213

CHAPTER 3 On the Kunwu ...... 225

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 239

INDEX ...... 267

POSTSCRIPT ...... 273


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THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考) 節(jié)選

FOREWORD The aim of this book is to trace the migrations processe of the Shaohao 少昊 clan, the Taotang 陶唐 clan and the Youyu 有虞 clan to construct a hypothesis about the sources of the Sai 塞 tribes. The “Sai 塞 ethnic group” as seen in the “Xiyu zhuan 西域傳” of Hanshu 漢書 (ch. 96) must have been the Sakās of the Bahistun inscription of Darius I [521-486 BCE] of the Achaemenid Empire. The Sai 塞 ethnic group were mainly made up of four tribes: the Asii, the Gasiani, the Tochari and the Sacarauli. By the end of the seventh century BCE the Asii and other tribes had already appeared in the valleys of the Rivers Ili and Chu. As late as the twenties of the sixth century BCE the Asii and the other tribes extended westwards as far as the northern bank of the Syr Darya. After that they were called “Sakā” by the Persians. In around 177/176 BCE, the Sai 塞 tribes were forced to give up the valleys of the Rivers Ili and Chu because of migration of the Da Yuezhi 大月氏. Some of them moved south, split off, and separated in the regions of the Pamirs and then moved east and entered the oases in the Tarim Basin. In around 140 BCE, the Sai 塞 tribes crossed the Syr Darya and moved south. A group of them entered Ferghāna and another group, Bactria. The states they founded were respectively noted as Dayuan 大宛 and Daxia 大夏 in the “Dayuan liezhuan 大宛列傳” of Shiji 史記 (ch. 123). At about the same time, another group of the Sai 塞 tribes migrated to the littoral of the Aral Sea and the Caspian Sea going downstream along the Sry Darya. These Sai 塞 people were noted as Yancai 奄蔡, but those who remained on the northern bank of the Syr Darya were known as Kangju 康居 in the “Dayuan liezhuan 大宛列傳” of Shiji 史記 (ch. 123). In 130 BCE, with the support of the Xiongnu 匈奴 the Wusun 烏孫 made an expedition against the Da Yuezhi 大月氏; they defeated the latter and occupied the valleys of the Rivers Ili and Chu. The Da Yuezhi 大月氏 once more migrated west and reached the valleys of the Amu Darya, defeating Daxia 大夏 and occupying its territory. Thereupon, the states of Wusun 烏孫 and Da Yuezhi 大月氏, as described in the “Dayuan liezhuan 大宛列傳” of Shiji 史記 (ch. 123), were established. The Sai 塞 tribes, which appeared in the valleys of the Rivers Ili and Chu by the end of the seventh century BCE had possibly come from the east. The precursors of the Asii, the Tochari, the Gasiani and the Sacarauli seem to have been the Yunxing-Rong 允姓戎 (the Rong 戎 of the Surname Yun 允), the Daxia 大夏, the Yuzhi 禺知 (Yuzhi 禺氏) and the Suoju 莎車 who appeared in pre-Qin 秦 records and books. In 623 BCE, Duke Mu 穆 of Qin 秦 dominated the Western Rong 戎 and opened up territories which extended for 1,000 li 里. This event possibly caused the Sai 塞 tribes’ westerly migration.

THE EARLIEST TOCHARIANS IN CHINA: A HYPOTHESIS(古族新考) 作者簡介

余太山先生，是著名的中亞古史研究奠基性學(xué)者。畢業(yè)于中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院歷史系，后于歷史所任職，1993年起為研究員，曾任中外關(guān)系史研究室主任。專治古代中亞史、中外關(guān)系史，F(xiàn)為中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院榮譽(yù)學(xué)部委員。

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