前言
第1章 傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日Traditional Chinese Festivals
1.1 Spring Festival(春節(jié)) 002
1.1.1 Etiquette Activities of Spring Festival(春節(jié)期間儀式活動) 003
1.1.2 The Foods in Spring Festival(節(jié)日飲食) 003
1.1.3 Customs in Spring Festival(春節(jié)習俗) 004
1.1.4 The Legend about the Origin of Chinese New Year(農(nóng)歷新年由來傳說) 004
1.2 Lantern Festival(元宵節(jié)) 006
1.2.1 Etiquette Activities during Lantern Festival(元宵節(jié)禮俗活動) 006
1.2.2 The Special Food ? Yuanxiao in Lantern Festival(元宵節(jié)的特色飲食—元宵) 007
1.3 Qingming Festival(清明節(jié)) 008
1.3.1 The Foods and Customs in Qingming Festival(節(jié)日飲食及習俗) 008
1.3.2 The Origin of Tomb-Sweeping in Qingming Festival(清明節(jié)掃墓由來) 009
1.4 Dragon Boat Festival(端午節(jié)) 010
1.4.1 Customs about Dragon Boat Festival(端午節(jié)習俗) 010
1.4.2 The Origin of Dragon Boat Festival(端午節(jié)由來) 011
1.5 Mid-Autumn Festival(中秋節(jié)) 012
1.5.1 The Foods in Mid-Autumn Festival(節(jié)日飲食) 012
1.5.2 The Legend about Mid-Autumn Festival(中秋節(jié)傳說) 013
1.6 Double Ninth Festival(重陽節(jié)) 015
1.6.1 Customs in Double Ninth Festival(重陽節(jié)習俗) 016
1.6.2 The Origin of Double Ninth Festival(重陽節(jié)由來) 018
第2章 飲食文化Chinese Culinary Culture
2.1 Color, Aroma and Taste(色香味俱全) 023
2.1.1 Cooking Methods(烹飪方法) 023
2.1.2 Seasonings(調(diào)料) 024
2.1.3 Yin-Yang Principle(陰陽原理) 024
2.1.4 Medicinal Function(醫(yī)療保健功能) 025
2.2 Eight Regional Cuisines(八大菜系) 025
2.2.1 Shandong Cuisine(魯菜) 026
2.2.2 Sichuan Cuisine(川菜) 027
2.2.3 Guangdong Cuisine(粵菜) 027
2.2.4 Fujian Cuisine(閩菜) 028
2.2.5 Jiangsu Cuisine(蘇菜) 028
2.2.6 Zhejiang Cuisine(浙菜) 029
2.2.7 Anhui Cuisine(徽菜) 030
2.2.8 Hunan Cuisine(湘菜) 030
2.3 Table Manners(餐桌禮儀) 031
2.3.1 Arrangement of Seats(座次安排) 031
2.3.2 Toasts(敬酒) 032
2.3.3 Serving Courses(上菜) 032
2.3.4 Chinese Chopsticks(中國筷子文化) 033
2.4 Chinese Tea Culture(中國茶文化) 034
2.4.1 Tea Classification(茶葉分類) 034
2.4.2 Tea Etiquette(上茶禮儀) 036
2.4.3 Three Cups of Tea of the Bai Ethnic Group(白族的三杯茶習俗) 037
2.5 Chinese Liquor Culture(中國酒文化) 038
2.5.1 Liquor Feasts(酒宴) 038
2.5.2 Drinkers’ Wager Game(劃拳猜酒) 040
2.5.3 The Roles of Liquor in Art, Commerce and Health(酒在藝術、商業(yè)和健康方面的作用) 041
第3章 傳統(tǒng)服飾Traditional Chinese Costume
3.1 The History of Development of Chinese Costume(中國服飾發(fā)展史) 049
3.1.1 Origin of Chinese Costume(中國服飾的起源) 049
3.1.2 Development of Chinese Costume(中國服飾的發(fā)展) 050
3.2 Distinct Features of Chinese Costume(中國服飾的鮮明特征) 054
3.2.1 Silk(絲綢) 054
3.2.2 The Silk Road(絲綢之路) 055
3.2.3 Embroidery(刺繡) 056
3.2.4 Batik(蠟染) 057
3.3 Typical Chinese Costumes(典型中國服飾) 058
3.3.1 Chinese Tunic Suit(中山裝) 058
3.3.2 Cheongsam (qipao)(旗袍) 059
3.3.3 Hanfu(漢服) 060
3.3.4 Tang Costume(唐裝) 061
第4章 建筑文化Chinese Architecture
4.1 Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Architecture(中國傳統(tǒng)建筑特征) 066
4.1.1 Timber Framework(木質(zhì)構架) 066
4.1.2 Plain, Flexible and Beautiful Layout(布局簡潔靈活、美觀大方) 067
4.1.3 The Building Materials(建筑用材) 067
4.1.4 Artistic Roof Design(屋頂藝術設計) 068
4.1.5 Colorful Paint(彩漆裝飾) 068
4.2 Imperial Architecture(皇家建筑) 068
4.2.1 Imperial Mausoleums(皇陵) 069
4.2.2 Imperial Palaces(皇宮) 071
4.2.3 The Number Nine in Imperial Architecture(皇家建筑中的數(shù)字九) 075
4.3 Civilian Residential Housing(普通民居) 075
4.3.1 Beijing Quadrangles(北京四合院) 075
4.3.2 Shaanxi Cave Dwellings(陜西窯洞) 076
4.3.3 Huizhou Residential Houses(徽州古民居) 076
4.3.4 Hakka Earth Buildings(客家土樓) 077
4.3.5 Dai Bamboo House(傣族竹樓) 078
4.3.6 Mongolian Yurts(蒙古包) 078
4.5 Chinese Bridges(中國的橋梁) 079
4.5.1 The Stone Arch Bridge(石拱橋) 079
4.5.2 The Zigzag Bridge(曲橋) 080
4.5.3 The Pavilion Bridge(亭橋) 081
4.6 Typical Chinese Structures and Ornaments(典型的中國建筑裝飾) 082
4.6.1 Chinese Stone Lions(中國石獅) 082
4.6.2 Huabiao(華表) 083
4.6.3 Pavilions(亭) 084
4.6.4 Pagodas(塔) 085
4.6.5 Paifang(牌坊) 086
第5章 文學作品Chinese Literature
5.1 Classical Chinese Literature(中國古典文學) 094
5.2 Modern Literature(現(xiàn)代文學) 108
5.3 Contemporary Literature(當代文學) 111
第6章 傳統(tǒng)藝術Traditional Chinese Arts
6.1 Calligraphy and Painting(書法與繪畫) 120
6.1.1 Calligraphy(書法) 121
6.1.2 Painting(繪畫) 125
6.1.3 Four Treasures of the Study(文房四寶) 127
6.2 Traditional Chinese Operas(傳統(tǒng)戲曲) 128
6.2.1 Beijing Opera(京。 129
6.2.2 Other Major Traditional Chinese Operas(其他主要的中國傳統(tǒng)戲曲) 131
6.3 Folk Performing Arts(民俗表演藝術) 135
6.3.1 Acrobatics(雜技) 136
6.3.2 Quyi(曲藝) 136
6.3.3 Puppet Play(木偶戲) 138
6.3.4 Shadow Play(皮影戲) 139
6.4 Traditional Musical Instruments(傳統(tǒng)樂器) 139
6.4.1 Plucked Instruments(弦樂器) 139
6.4.2 Percussion Instruments(打擊樂器) 141
6.4.3 Wind Instruments(管樂器) 141
6.5 Traditional Chinese Ceramics(傳統(tǒng)陶瓷) 142
6.5.1 The Neolithic Age(新石器時代) 142
6.5.2 The Xia, Shang, Zhou, and Spring and Autumn Periods(夏商周和春秋戰(zhàn)國時期) 143
6.5.3 The Qin and Han Dynasties(秦漢時期) 143
6.5.4 The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties(魏晉南北朝時期) 144
6.5.5 The Sui and Tang Dynasties(隋唐時期) 145
6.5.6 The Song and Yuan Dynasties(宋元時期) 145
6.5.7 The Ming and Qing Dynasties(明清時期) 146
第7章 教育與科技Education, Science & Technology
7.1 Education(教育) 151
7.1.1 Development of Traditional Education(傳統(tǒng)教育的發(fā)展) 152
7.1.2 Contemporary Education(當代教育) 155
7.1.3 Higher Education(高等教育) 158
7.1.4 Adult Education(成人教育) 159
7.1.5 Special Education(特殊教育) 159
7.1.6 Vocational Education(職業(yè)教育) 160
7.1.7 Education for Ethnic Minority Groups(少數(shù)民族教育) 160
7.1.8 International Exchanges and Cooperation(國際交流與合作) 161
7.2 Scinece and Technology(科技) 161
7.2.1 Ancient Science and Technology(古代科學技術) 162
7.2.2 Modern Scientific and Technological Achievements(現(xiàn)代科技成就) 167
第8章 二十四節(jié)氣The Twenty-Four Solar Terms
8.1 The Six Solar Terms in Spring(春季的六個節(jié)氣) 179
8.2 The Six Solar Terms in Summer(夏季的六個節(jié)氣) 182
8.3 The Six Solar Terms in Autumn(秋季的六個節(jié)氣) 185
8.4 The Six Solar Terms in Winter(冬季的六個節(jié)氣) 190
第9章 中國名山Magnificent Mountains in China
9.1 Mount Taishan(泰山) 198
9.2 Mount Huangshan(黃山) 201
9.3 Mount Emei Scenic Area, Including Leshan Giant Buddha
(峨眉山—樂山大佛) 202
9.4 Mount Wuyi(武夷山) 204
第10章 世界自然遺產(chǎn)World Natural Heritage
10.1 Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area(黃龍風景名勝區(qū)) 209
10.2 Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area(武陵源風景名勝區(qū)) 210
10.3 Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas(云南三江并流保護區(qū)) 211
10.4 Mount Sanqingshan National Park(三清山國家公園) 213